120 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
120 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
# YAML marshaling and unmarshaling support for Go
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[](https://travis-ci.org/ghodss/yaml)
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## Introduction
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A wrapper around [candiedyaml](https://github.com/cloudfoundry-incubator/candiedyaml) designed to enable a better way of handling YAML when marshaling to and from structs.
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In short, this library first converts YAML to JSON using candiedyaml and then uses `json.Marshal` and `json.Unmarshal` to convert to or from the struct. This means that it effectively reuses the JSON struct tags as well as the custom JSON methods `MarshalJSON` and `UnmarshalJSON` unlike candiedyaml. For a detailed overview of the rationale behind this method, [see this blog post](http://ghodss.com/2014/the-right-way-to-handle-yaml-in-golang/).
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## Compatibility
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This package uses [candiedyaml](https://github.com/cloudfoundry-incubator/candiedyaml) and therefore supports [everything candiedyaml supports](https://github.com/cloudfoundry-incubator/candiedyaml#candiedyaml).
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## Caveats
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**Caveat #1:** When using `yaml.Marshal` and `yaml.Unmarshal`, binary data should NOT be preceded with the `!!binary` YAML tag. If you do, candiedyaml will convert the binary data from base64 to native binary data, which is not compatible with JSON. You can still use binary in your YAML files though - just store them without the `!!binary` tag and decode the base64 in your code (e.g. in the custom JSON methods `MarshalJSON` and `UnmarshalJSON`). This also has the benefit that your YAML and your JSON binary data will be decoded exactly the same way. As an example:
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```
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BAD:
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exampleKey: !!binary gIGC
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GOOD:
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exampleKey: gIGC
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... and decode the base64 data in your code.
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```
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**Caveat #2:** When using `YAMLToJSON` directly, maps with keys that are maps will result in an error since this is not supported by JSON. This error will occur in `Unmarshal` as well since you can't unmarshal map keys anyways since struct fields can't be keys.
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## Installation and usage
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To install, run:
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```
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$ go get github.com/ghodss/yaml
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```
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And import using:
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```
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import "github.com/ghodss/yaml"
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```
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Usage is very similar to the JSON library:
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"github.com/ghodss/yaml"
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)
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type Person struct {
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Name string `json:"name"` // Affects YAML field names too.
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Age int `json:"age"`
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}
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func main() {
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// Marshal a Person struct to YAML.
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p := Person{"John", 30}
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y, err := yaml.Marshal(p)
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("err: %v\n", err)
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return
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}
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fmt.Println(string(y))
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/* Output:
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age: 30
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name: John
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*/
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// Unmarshal the YAML back into a Person struct.
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var p2 Person
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err = yaml.Unmarshal(y, &p2)
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("err: %v\n", err)
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return
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}
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fmt.Println(p2)
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/* Output:
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{John 30}
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*/
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}
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```
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`yaml.YAMLToJSON` and `yaml.JSONToYAML` methods are also available:
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"github.com/ghodss/yaml"
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)
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func main() {
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j := []byte(`{"name": "John", "age": 30}`)
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y, err := yaml.JSONToYAML(j)
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("err: %v\n", err)
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return
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}
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fmt.Println(string(y))
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/* Output:
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name: John
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age: 30
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*/
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j2, err := yaml.YAMLToJSON(y)
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("err: %v\n", err)
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return
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}
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fmt.Println(string(j2))
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/* Output:
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{"age":30,"name":"John"}
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*/
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}
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```
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